Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria
Rainer Joseph of Austria (30 September 1783 – 16 January 1853) was a Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia from 1818 to 1848. He was also an Archduke of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia.
Biography
Rainer was a son of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Luisa, and was thus a younger brother of Emperor Franz I.
Although Rainer suffered from a mild form of epilepsy, this did not visibly interfere with his military career.[1]
Rainer served as Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia from 1818 to 1848. The position made Rainer and his wife the head of the Austrian court at Milan; they also had a villa at Lake Como. The Italians resented him for collecting his revenues with so little benefit to them in return. This, and the lack of understanding between Rainer and Feldmarschall Graf Radetzky, were blamed for the disasters of the Italian Revolution of 1848.[2]
Marriage and children
He married at Prague on 28 May 1820 Princess Elisabeth of Savoy (13 April 1800 – 25 December 1856). She was the sister of the Prince of Carignano, who would in 1831 become King of Sardinia as King Charles Albert. She was also a granddaughter of the late former Duke of the Baltic principality of Courland.
Children included:
- Maria Karolina (6 February 1821 – 23 Jan 1844) – unmarried, no issue
- Adelaide (3 June 1822 – 20 January 1855) – wife of Victor Emmanuel II, from 1849 king of Sardinia
- Leopold Ludwig (6 June 1823 – 24 May 1898) – Oberkommandant der Marine ('High Commander of the Navy') from 1864 to 1868
- Ernst Karl (8 August 1824 – 4 April 1899), Feldmarschalleutnant
- Sigismund Leopold (7 January 1826 – 15 December 1891), Feldmarschalleutnant
- Rainer Ferdinand (11 January 1827 – 27 January 1913) – Austrian Minister President 1859–61;[3][4] his visit to the Hotel Greif in Wels is commemorated by a wall plaque there.
- Heinrich Anton (9 May 1828 – 30 November 1891), Feldmarschalleutnant
- Maximilian Karl (16 January 1830 – 16 March 1839)
The Revolution of 1848 forced Rainer and Elisabeth from the court at Milan; when the insurrection was quelled, Radetzky was named Rainer's successor as Viceroy. Although his children, except Adelheid, are buried in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna, he and his wife are buried at the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano.
Through his daughter Adelaide, Rainer is an ancestor of the entire royal family of Italy which reigned from 1861 to 1946.
Ancestry
Ancestors of Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16. Charles V, Duke of Lorraine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17. Eleonora Maria Josefa of Austria
Queen Dowager of Poland-Lithuania |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19. Countess Palatine Elizabeth Charlotte of Simmern |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21. Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. Maria Theresa of Austria
Queen of Hungary & Bohemia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23. Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24. Louis, Dauphin of France |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. Philip V of Spain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25. Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. Charles III of Spain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26. Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. Elisabeth Farnese |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27. Countess Palatine Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Maria Luisa of Spain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28. Augustus II of Poland
Elector of Saxony |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14. Augustus III of Poland
Elector of Saxony |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7. Maria Amalia of Saxony |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15. Maria Josepha of Austria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31. Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Titles and styles
- 30 September 1783 – 11 August 1783 His Royal Highness Archduke Ranier Joseph of Austria
- 11 August 1804 – 16 January 1853 His Imperial & Royal Highness Archduke Ranier Joseph of Austria
Notes
- ^ George R. Marek, The Eagles Die. Franz Joseph, Elisabeth, and Their Austria, pp. 41–42. New York: Harper & Row, 1974. This mild form of epilepsy was also suffered by Archduke Karl and his son, Archduke Albrecht, both of whom were able military commanders.
- ^ Joan Haslip, The Crown of Mexico, pp. 22, 89, 109. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971.
- ^ Robert Adolf Kann, A History of the Habsburg Empire 1526–1918, pp. 328, 331. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.
- ^ Alan Palmer, Twilight of the Habsburgs. The Life and Times of Emperor Francis Joseph, pp. 122–123. New York: Grove Press, 1994.
|
|
1st generation |
|
|
2nd generation |
Archduke Cristopher · Maximilian I · Archduke John · Archduke Wolfgang
|
|
3rd generation |
|
|
4th generation |
|
|
5th generation |
|
|
6th generation |
|
|
7th generation |
|
|
8th generation |
|
|
9th generation |
|
|
10th generation |
|
|
11th generation |
|
|
12th generation |
|
|
13th generation |
|
|
14th generation |
|
|
15th generation |
|
|
16th generation |
|
|
17th generation |
Crown Prince Otto · Archduke Robert*** · Archduke Felix · Archduke Carl Ludwig · Archduke Rudolf · Archduke Ferdinand Karl · Archduke Heinrich Maria · Archduke Leopold Franz** · Archduke Guntram** · Archduke Radbot** · Archduke Johann** · Archduke Georg** · Archduke Stephan** · Archduke Dominic** · Archduke Friederich Salvator** · Archduke Andreas Salvator** · Archduke Markus** · Archduke Johann** · Archduke Michael** · Archduke Franz Salvator** · Archduke Karl Salvator** · Archduke Joseph Karl · Archduke Andreas Agustinus · Archduke Nicholas Franz · Archduke Johann Jacob · Archduke Edward Karl · Archduke Paul Rudolf
|
|
18th generation |
Archduke Karl · Archduke Georg · Archduke Lorenz*** · Archduke Gerhard*** · Archduke Martin*** · Archduke Karl Philipp · Archduke Raimund Joseph · Archduke Itsván · Archduke Rudolf · Archduke Carl Christian · Archduke Karl Peter · Archduke Simeon · Archduke Johannes · Archduke Maximilian Heinrich · Archduke Philipp Joachim · Archduke Ferdinand Karl · Archduke Konrad · Archduke Sigismund** · Archduke Georg** · Archduke Guntram** · Archduke Leopold** · Archduke Alexander Salvator** · Archduke Thaddäus Salvator** · Archduke Casimir Salvator** · Archduke Matthias** · Archduke Johannes** · Archduke Bernhard** · Archduke Benedikt · Archduke Joseph Albrecht · Archduke Paul Leo · Archduke Friedrich Cyprian · Archduke Benedikt Alexander · Archduke Nicolás · Archduke Santiago · Archduke Paul Benedikt
|
|
19th generation |
Archduke Ferdinand Zvonimir · Archduke Karl Konstantin · Archduke Amedeo*** · Archduke Joachim*** · Archduke Bartholomaeus*** · Archduke Emmanuel*** · Archduke Luigi*** · Archduke Felix Carl · Archduke Andreas Franz · Archduke Paul Johannes · Archduke Carl Christian · Archduke Johannes · Archduke Thomas · Archduke Franz Ludwig · Archduke Michael · Archduke Joseph · Archduke Imre · Archduke Imre · Archduke Christoph · Archduke Alexander · Archduke Lorenz Carl · Archduke Wilhelm · Archduke Johannes · Archduke Ludwig · Archduke Philipp · Archduke Nicholas · Archduke Constantin · Archduke Jacob Maximilian · Archduke Leopold Amedeo** · Archduke Maximilian** · Archduke Leopold** · Archduke Constantin Salvator** · Archduke Paul Salvator**
|
|
*also an infante of Spain
**also a prince of Tuscany
***also a prince of Modena
|
|
Tuscan princes
|
|
1st Generation |
|
|
2nd Generation |
|
|
3rd Generation |
|
|
4th Generation |
|
|
5th Generation |
|
|
6th Generation |
none
|
|
7th Generation |
|
|
8th Generation |
|
|
9th Generation |
|
|
10th Generation |
|
|
11th Generation |
|
|
12th Generation |
|
|
13th Generation |
Prince Leopold Franz* · Prince Guntram* · Prince Radbot* · Prince Johann* · Prince Georg* · Prince Stephan* · Prince Dominic* · Prince Friederich Salvator* · Prince Andreas Salvator* · Prince Markus* · Prince Johann* · Prince Michael* · Prince Franz Salvator* · Prince Karl Salvator*
|
|
14th Generation |
Prince Sigismund* · Prince Georg* · Prince Guntram* · Prince Leopold* · Prince Alexander Salvator* · Prince Thaddäus Salvator* · Prince Casimir Salvator* · Prince Matthias* · Prince Johannes* · Prince Bernhard* · Prince Benedikt*
|
|
15th Generation |
Prince Leopold Amedeo* · Prince Maximilian* · Prince Leopold* · Prince Constantin Salvator* · Prince Paul Salvator*
|
|
* also an archduke of Austria
|
|
Persondata |
Name |
Rainer, Archduke of Austria |
Alternative names |
|
Short description |
|
Date of birth |
30 September 1783 |
Place of birth |
Pisa |
Date of death |
16 January 1853 |
Place of death |
Bolzano |